I've always been taught that a vowel before a double consonant following another vowel should have a short sound. Conversely, there are many situations where a vowel preceding a single consonant and vowel gets a long sound.
Short Sounds:
Mississippi - All I's except the last get short sound
Communication - First O gets short sound
Oppose - First O gets short sound where second O gets long
Long Sound:
Ape - A gets long sound
Popery - O gets long sound
Oppose - First O gets short sound where second O gets long
Yet, I hear people use a short O in "operator" when using the word. Is this the correct pronunciation?
Answer
Indeed, it is. 'Operator' is pronounced ˈɒpəreɪtə (IPA), with the o- sound of 'offense' or 'orange'.
Most spellings as we use them today were standardized in the late 18th century on a fairly arbitrary basis. Most choices were based in common transliteration habits, but others followed historical convention. In this case, 'operator' had been historically spelled with a single p thanks to its root the Latin 'operari', and so the habit stuck.
Edit: I'm aware our American cousins have some regional variations, but these accents evolved more recently.
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